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}} Man Haron Monis (19 May 1964 – 16 December 2014) was an Iranian-born refugee Australian citizen〔 〕 who took hostages in a siege at the Lindt Chocolate Café at Martin Place, Sydney on 15 December 2014, lasting for 17 hours, until the early hours of the following morning. The siege resulted in the death of Monis and two hostages. While Monis had a warrant out for his arrest in Iran, he sought political asylum in Australia in 1996,〔 which was granted in 2001. Monis variously promoted himself as an Iranian intelligence official, a political activist, a spiritual healer and expert in black magic, an outlaw bikie and a Muslim cleric.〔 He told a psychiatrist who diagnosed him with schizophrenia that he had to change his name for "security reasons," variously calling himself "Michael Hayson Mavros",〔https://www.dpmc.gov.au/sites/default/files/publications/170215_Martin_Place_Siege_Review_1.pdf (p. 72)〕 "Sheikh Haron",〔 and "Ayatollah Mohammed Manteghi Boroujerdi".〔 Monis ran a "spiritual healing" business, telling some women that they needed to submit to sexual molestation to receive treatment. In 2014, Monis was charged with accessory to murder of his ex-wife, as well as over 40 counts of sexual assault.〔〔 At the time of his death he had recently converted from Shia Islam to Sunni Islam, and attended Islamist rallies promoting conspiracy theories about Australian security agencies.〔〔 While on bail, and facing a likely lengthy imprisonment,〔 he declared allegiance to Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. ==Life in Iran== Monis was born in Borujerd, Iran in 19th May, 1964.〔 He published a book of poetry, ''Inside and Out'' or ''Daroon va Boroon'' ((ペルシア語:درون و برون)), in 1996 in Iran. It did not sell well, which disappointed Monis. In the 1990s, Monis ran a company called ''Salhani Amal'' ((ペルシア語:صالحان عمل)), which he used to buy discounted tyres from the Iranian government and re-sell them on the black market. He also ran a charity scam to avoid paying tax. In 2001, using the pseudonym Ayatollah Manteghi Boroujerdi,〔 he claimed in an interview with ABC Radio National's ''The Religion Report'' that he had been involved with the Iranian ministry of intelligence and security, and that his criticism of the regime and secret information he possessed had resulted in his persecution as well as the detention of his wife and children. During an ABC Radio interview, he claimed that his family's detention was a result of views the Iranian government believed to be "dangerously liberal".〔 David Ruteledge, the journalist who interviewed him, described his as "a little bit dramatic."〔 Australia granted his request for political asylum that year.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= BBC News – Profile: Man Haron Monis )〕 He claimed that his request for asylum followed the detention of his wife and children by Iranian authorities after he espoused liberal views on Islam. According to London-based Persian TV channel Manoto 1, he had fled Iran after taking US$200,000 of his customers' money in his tourism agency. The former chief of the Iranian police, Esmaeil Ahmadi-Moghaddam, stated that Monis previously ran a travel agency in Iran and fled the country to Malaysia and then Australia, having "a dark and long history of violent crime and fraud". According to Iran's official news agency, he was under prosecution by Interpol and Iranian police at the time he was granted asylum, and Australian police did not extradite him despite several requests.〔 Some commentators have expressed concern regarding this immigration and citizenship process. Esmaeil Ahmadi-Moghaddam, Iran's chief of police, told reporters that Monis had "a dark and long history of violent crime and fraud" in Iran and had run a travel agency in 1996, before fleeing to Malaysia and then Australia. "It lasted 4 years to collect evidence on Manteghi ()'s identification documents and we reported this to the Australian police but since Australia has no extradition treaty with Iran, they didn't extradite him to Iran".〔 He was protected from extradition by his refugee status. Iran's official Islamic Republic News Agency states that he was "under prosecution by the Interpol" and Iran provided information to the Australian government about his criminal record, mental and spiritual status. Despite this, he was granted asylum in Australia.〔 〕 Iranian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Marzieh Afkham publicly questioned the decisions made by the Australian government after several discussions in which Monis's criminal status in Iran was made "completely clear".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Man Haron Monis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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